Polymer modified bitumen (PMB) is bitumen combined with one or more polymer materials. It is specially designed to use in the making of pavements and roads that undergo heavy traffic on a daily basis or drastic weather changes. This combination of bitumen prevents the material from becoming soft in high temperatures while maintaining its workability and flexibility in cold temperatures. It can also be used in the construction of residential roofing applications. PMB is a normal bitumen with the added polymer, which gives it extra strength, high cohesiveness and resistance to fatigue, stripping and deformations, making it a favorable material for infrastructure.
Some of the characteristics of polymer modified bitumen include :
Improved strength
Cohesiveness
Resistance to fatigue and deformation.
Better water resistance properties
High durability
One of the main components present in PMB is, Styrene-butadiene styrene (SBS), which acts as a binder modification agent, is known to increase the longevity of pavements that are subjected to a range of onerous loading on a daily basis including high traffic loading and high thermal stresses. Other benefits of PMB when used in pavement applications include:
Improved resistance to deformation
Improved resistance to cracks and stripping
Increased durability
Enhanced water resistance
Advantages
Stronger road with increased stability and greater rigidity.
Better resistant towards rainwater and water stagnation.
Better resistance to permanent deformation
Reduction in pores in aggregate and hence less rutting and raveling.
Disadvantages
Higher cost than other options available
Low ageing resistance
Poor storage stability of PMB
The most common types of Polymer modified bitumen are :
Filler - To fill voids, meet aggregate gradation specifics and improve the asphalt cement aggregate bond.
Extender - To decrease the percentage of asphalt cement required.
Rubber - Increase HMA stiffness at high temperatures
Plastic - Decrease HMA stiffness at low temperatures
Fiber - Improving strength of HMA mixtures
Oxidant - Increase HMA stiffness after HMA is placed
Antioxidant - Increase durability of HMA mixtures
Hydrocarbon - Restore aged asphalt cement
Antistripping agents - Minimise striping of asphalt content
Waste Materials - Replace aggregate or asphalt volume with cheaper product
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